The humble CVT transmission has had its fair share of fans and haters. Some despise it for how unnatural it might feel compared to a more conventional transmission. Meanwhile, there are those that will stand stoically by it for the myriad of qualify-of-life benefits that CVTs bring. Few carmakers have sworn by sticking with CVT gearboxes as adamantly as Subaru, however. But might they now reconsider that position given the many complaints over Subaru CVT problems over the years?
Subaru has stuck with CVTs for decades now, and it does look like itâll stay that way for a little bit longer. This might not bother some owners, as they feel that Subaruâs CVTs are a great match for their cars. But as more people have come to become a part of the Subaru owners club, the distaste is growing ever more concerning. Subaruâs CVTs have been plagued with problems here and there. From stalling on the highway, to violent shuddering as it changes gears, irritations are abounding.
On the bright side, at least Subarus CVT problems arenât as bad as their rivals over at Nissan. The latter of the two has come under fire for how poorly their CVTs can be, with numerous class action lawsuits and recalls in very recent memory. So, should you be concerned over the state of your CVT-equipped Subaru? Is this a problem worth living with, and how could you fix those CVTs? Well, our Subaru CVT problems guide will hopefully answer all your most pressing concerns.
- How do CVTs work?
- Subaruâs CVTs
- Advantages and disadvantages
- Symptoms
- Warranty
- Fixes and cost
- Conclusion
- FAQs
What Is A CVT Transmission
Just before we take a closer look at Subaru CVT problems, it might be worthwhile to know more about how it all works. So, why bother with a CVT transmission in the first place? To start, a âcontinuously variable transmissionâ â or âCVTâ, for short â is one of the most popular transmission options today. It sits alongside the conventional automatic gearbox and the ever-decreasing popularity of three-pedaled manuals. CVTs are especially popular in more mainstream vehicles.
As far as operations go, CVTs work similarly to traditional automatics. CVTs change gears automatically, or you can manually (or sequentially) change gears with the gear lever or paddle shifters. Otherwise, CVTs wonât require any manual input other than changing the direction of travel, such as putting it in neutral or reverse. The key difference here is that CVTs do not have gears, unlike a traditional automatic transmission. Gears are used to regulate the power sent to the wheels.
Most vehicles today can have anywhere from just 1, all the way to 10 gears. Instead of using gears, CVTs use a system of two variable-width coned pulleys, joined by a belt or a chain in the middle. One pulley is connected to the engine, while the other is attached to the transmission. According to your input, the coned pulleys will move inwards and outwards. The configuration or placement of these coned pulleys will then decide which âgearâ youâre in, and how much power to send to the wheels.
Subaru CVT
CVT transmissions have been around for a very long time. Although, Subaruâs adoption of CVT transmissions started in 1989 with the Justy. Consequently, it also became the first production car in the US to have come with a CVT gearbox. And, it was also the first car in the world to mate a 4WD (4-wheel drive) powertrain with Subaruâs innovative ECVT (electronically-controlled CVT).
However, the Justyâs CVT proved to be so unreliable, that it forced Subaru to stop exporting CVT transmissions into the US market until the 5th-generation Legacy, which came along in 2009. The Legacy (called the Outback in some markets) featured a newly redesigned CVT. Known as Subaruâs âLineartronicâ CVT, it remains in use in their model line-up till today. Itâs been fitted in Subaruâs staple cars, like the Impreza, Crosstrek, Forrester, and even the high-performance WRX models.
There are a few good reasons why Subaru has stuck with CVT gearboxes for this long. Much of Subaruâs staple models feature all-wheel-drive drivetrains. Plus, Subaruâs cars are also powered mostly by a similar innovative âboxerâ engine design. Put together, Subaru believes CVTs can better manage power from the boxer engine to the all-wheel-drive system in their cars. CVTs should also allow for the most amount of performance to be extracted from their boxer engines.
Optimally, the use of CVT transmissions will add smoothness and responsive acceleration, as well. Another key benefit of CVT transmissions is that they are more compact in design. This simplicity enables a much smaller packaging and saves on weight. Combined with the fact that CVTs could theoretically have an infinite number of gear ratios, this helps to improve fuel efficiency. In turn, it makes for Subaruâs CVTs to be a very compelling option for looking at the best runabout cars.
CVT Transmission Pros And Cons
As we mentioned earlier in our Subaru problems guide, a CVT gearbox technically can have an infinite number of gear ratios. When optimized best for road cars, however, theyâve been programmed to have set gearing ratios, just like a conventional âgearedâ automatic. When designed properly, CVTs can have a wealth of benefits to add to your driving and ownership experience. Here are some of the key advantages of why companies like Subaru are still using CVTsâŠ
Subaru CVT Benefits #1: Better Fuel Efficiency
We learned earlier about why this is the case. The design of a CVT means that your carâs speed and power are always kept in their most optimal range. This consistent and smooth power delivery helps to save a lot on fuel, especially for urban driving or used for short trips. Other than that, the fairly small footprint of CVTs can save precious weight from your car. Overall, any car fitted with a CVT should be able to experience a noticeable reduction in fuel consumption compared to an automatic.
Subaru CVT Benefits #2: Responsive And Smooth Power Delivery
CVTs are claimed to be more responsive â as far as mainstream cars go, anyway â compared to a conventional automatic gearbox. This benefit is once again afforded thanks to the gear-less (and technically a single-speed) design of a CVT. Without any gears, you wonât need to suffer from âshift shockâ. This is what happens every time there is a momentary loss of power while your transmission is actively switching gears.
Without shift shock, your CVT-equipped Subaru should at least feel snappier while accelerating. Another process that a CVT helps to iron out is the need for the transmission to âhuntâ for gears. This describes the feeling of your transmission trying to find and select the appropriate gear. A side effect of all this is that your Subaru changes âgearsâ more smoothly and effortlessly with CVTs, by being able to seamlessly maintain that power delivery.
Subaru CVT Benefits #3: Fewer Moving Parts
Since it doesnât need any gears, CVTs are made to be more compact and have fewer moving parts compared to a regular automatic. This simplicity in its engineering means that there are theoretically fewer things that could go wrong. This is since thereâs less friction â therefore, less heat and vibrations â between all of a CVTâs internal components. The result is a decrease in the wear and tear put on the transmission. However, this isnât the case given how many Subaru CVT problems there are.
CVT Transmission Cons
But for all its wonders, there are some disadvantages owed to fitting a CVT in a car. Enthusiasts, especially, have continually scoffed at carmakersâ â like Subarus â insistence on putting CVTs in their cars. Subjectively, the smooth gearing can be off-putting to enthusiasts that pride themselves on tactility and engagement. CVTs can be perceived as more boring or devoid of any interaction. Aside from the fun factor though, there are a few other notable flaws with CVT transmissionsâŠ
Subaru CVT Downsides #1: Theyâre Loud
Something that can be noticed in Subarus as well, is that cars equipped with CVT transmission might run louder than those fitted with traditional automatics. Although it maintains power delivery smoothly, CVTs tend to keep the engine running at higher RPMs. This wonât actually result in increased strain or fuel consumption, however. Yet, you might be able to notice a bit more of that boxer engine âroaringâ in the background while youâre driving along.
Subaru CVT Downsides#2: More Expensive To Repair
Despite being simpler in design compared to a conventional automatic gearbox, CVTs have proven to be more costly to repair. As a fairly new and unconventional piece of tech, there arenât as many spare parts for CVTs. Add to that, there are fewer technicians who are qualified enough to work on them. Moreover, the way theyâve been designed means that thereâs more work needed to repair â although often completely replace â a CVT. Altogether, they can be more expensive to work on if things go south.
CVT Symptoms
So far, weâve learned that Subaru CVT problems are more prevalent than with some other carmakers. Although Subaruâs CVT gearboxes arenât nearly as unreliable as those built by Nissan or Jeep, they are a step behind the leaders in the field. Brands such as Honda and Toyota have made some of the best and most bulletproof CVTs on the market today. But in general, a CVT will undergo an immense amount of strain, and it may necessitate major servicing or repairs eventually.
If you own a Subaru or are thinking of buying one, there are thankfully a few clear symptoms to look out for to spot if your CVT is about to fail. These should give you a sign of whenever your CVT is showing signs of premature failure and is in need of a check-up. For our Subaru CVT problems guide, here are some of the best tell-tale signs of a faulty CVT. Weâve especially focused more on the symptoms experienced by Subaru owners in particularâŠ
1. Stalling Or Sluggish Acceleration
Some Subaru owners with faulty CVTs have reported that their cars would stall completely while driving. There are also times when the car refused to accelerate beyond a particular speed. Alternatively, you might notice that your car is slow and sluggish when accelerating, or it might even hesitate for a while before any throttle input is registered. Otherwise, their Subarus would proactively enter its âlimp-homeâ mode that severely restricts speed.
2. Shuddering And Vibrations
Another clear symptom of something wrong with your Subaruâs CVT transmission is sudden and sometimes violent shuddering. Some owners have reported this happening while under hard braking or even while going uphill. These vibrations can be pointed toward several causes. In Subarus, it may be possible that the belt or pulley within the CVT might be faulty. Otherwise, the mounts and bearings within the transmission may have worn down, thus resulting in all the shaking.
3. Transmission Fluid Leaking
As with conventional transmissions, CVT transmissions require their own specialized transmission fluid to aid in lubrication. Several owners of Subarus have noted that transmission fluid would leak from their CVTs. This has been narrowed down to worn-out seals and sealants used in their Subaru CVTs. Otherwise, overheating could also cause some parts to prematurely wear down. If you see a pinkish or reddish puddle underneath your Subaru, then it should mean that your CVT is leaking.
4. Odd Noises
We learned earlier on that cars equipped with CVTs can naturally run a bit louder compared to regular automatics. It is attributed to engines tending to stay in higher RPMs, as is how a CVTâs been programmed. But pay attention to any odd and unpleasant noises, as it could also point out if your CVT is facing its imminent doom. In the case of Subaru CVT problems, this might be noticed with a loud whining or rattling sound while youâre driving.
Subaru Powertrain Warranty
If youâve noticed any of those symptoms that we highlighted earlier, then you may be facing Subaru CVT problems. In that case, we highly recommend that you absolutely do not drive a car with a dodgy CVT. Continued use of your car while suffering from transmission blues will put added strain on the rest of your Subaru. This added stress will wear out the rest of your car even faster. The result would be needing to spend more time and money on repairs down the line.
Moreover, it can be extremely hazardous to drive a car with a faulty gearbox. It might promptly stall while youâre driving on the highway, for example. Or, you could be forced with driving a car that is significantly reduced in speed and can hesitate to get off the line. This only increases the risk that a terrible accident happens. There is certainly some good news to be had here, however. Subaru had offered a warranty extension program for owners that have suffered CVT issues.
In total, it has been estimated that more than 1.5-million CVT-equipped Subarus in the US are covered under this warranty extension. Some owners have considered this to be a bit of bittersweet news, as it wasnât a complete recall. Often, major concerns such as cars stalling would prompt the government to order carmakers to make a complete recall. Nonetheless, this new warranty extension should cover certain Subaru models made from 2010 to 2015.
Subaru Warranty Extension
Initially, Subaru offered a 5-year or 60,000 miles (whichever comes first) warranty to cover repairs or replacements with their CVT. Under this new warranty extension program, Subaru CVT problems will now be covered for an extended 10-year or 100,000 miles (whichever comes first). Subarus that already exceed those extended terms (either too high of mileage or older) can still be eligible for warranty repairs.
However, those owners will need to apply for all inspections and repairs before the end of the original one-year extension, which lasted until July 31st, 2018. From there, any Subaru that is covered under the warranty extension program will have to make repairs done prior to the 10-year or 100,000 miles coverage. Only then, will they be able to qualify for repairs or replacements of their CVTs under the new warranty rules.
This extended warranty will cover any repairs and replacements that will be needed to fix your Subaruâs CVT. It includes parts within the CVT such as the sensors, switches, torque converter, or the valve body harness. However, itâs worth noting that Subaruâs new extended warranty doesnât cover your CVT if itâs a remanufactured or refurbished model, if your car is a rebuilt salvage vehicle, or if the CVT has been rebuilt by companies either other than Subaru.
So, itâs worth paying attention to those factors before deciding if your Subaru can be covered under their new warranty extension. The models and model years that are covered under this new warranty extension for Subaru CVT problems are:
- 2010-2015 â 2.5-litre Legacy
- 2010-2015 â 2.5-litre Outback
- 2015 â 3.6-litre Legacy
- 2015 â 3.6-litre Outback
- 2012-2015 â 2.0-litre Impreza
- 2014-2015 â 2.0-litre Crosstrek Hybrid
- 2013-2015 â 2.0-litre Crosstrek
- 2014-2015 â 2.5-litre Forrester
- 2014-2015 â 2.5-litre Forrester Turbo
- 2015 â WRX Turbo
CVT Transmission Repair
Should your Subaru qualify under the terms of the warranty extension, you can just call up your local dealership to arrange for an inspection, repair, and replacement as needed for your CVT. If youâre not sure, you can always call up your local dealership to ask if your Subaru is covered under the newly extended warranty. Especially if youâve just bought a second-hand Subaru recently, it might be helpful to check and see if you can still claim the warranty.
But if youâre having Subaru CVT problems out of warranty, then you will, unfortunately, have to bear the cost of repairs yourself. We mentioned earlier that CVTs can be more time-consuming and costly to fix compared to regular automatics. The shortage of parts and qualified mechanics is one factor. There are also the added labor costs that you might have to consider. In some Subaru models, the entire engine will need to be removed just to get access to the CVT.
Should your Subaruâs CVT still be in a repairable state, then simple fixes could get it back and running. The average costs for repairs and replacing selected parts run anywhere from $1,000 to $2,500. However, if your Subaruâs CVT is utterly damaged beyond repair, then you have no choice but to completely replace the entire CVT. New transmission units can cost an eye-watering $7,000 to $8,000 on average, but you could find used or refurbished CVTs for less than half that.
Subaru CVT Problems⊠Final Thoughts
In short, for all the joys and fun of owning a Subaru, youâll still have to be mindful of some slight reliability issues every now and then. As weâve seen thus far, CVT problems are not cheap to fix. So, itâs nice to see Subaru pre-emptively offer their customers the convenience of a warranty extension to help look after the cost of repairing your gearbox. Otherwise, youâre going to be stuck holding a very big and expensive bag.
Should your Subaru not qualify under the factory warranty extension, then you could consider checking any other third-party warranty providers out there. Although an added expense, at least they offer some peace of mind that you wonât need to mortgage your house just to fix your carâs gearbox. On another positive note, there are ways in which you can prevent Subaru CVT problems from ever appearing. Or at least, extend its lifespan just a bit longer.
For a start, drive more modestly. Watch your throttle inputs, and avoid any smoky or sprightly acceleration. If youâre used to punishing your car with off-road trekking or carrying a lot of load at once, then maybe consider toning it down a notch. Also, be sure to always stay on top of your regular service intervals, and make sure those transmission fluids are changed up. As they say, practice turns to habit, and sooner or later your Subaruâs CVT will be happier than ever to shift you along.
FAQs On Subaru CVT Problems
If youâre still curious to learn more about Subaru CVT problems, our FAQs here might helpâŠ
How Long Do Subarus Last
Subarus are fairly long-lasting vehicles, with an average lifespan of at least 200,000 miles before a serious rebuild is needed. Taking into account the average yearly mileage of most Americans, thatâs roughly 13 or so yearsâ worth of dependable ownership. Itâs not a surprise, therefore, why so many Subaru owners love their cars, which are regarded as one of the most loyal customer bases among mainstream automakers. However, Subarus can easily last longer than that with good care and regular servicing. If you pay attention to having your Subaru maintained well, it could handily last 300,000 miles or more.
Are CVT Transmissions Reliable
By design, CVT transmissions have fewer moving parts compared to a conventional automatic gearbox. Theoretically then, this should mean that CVTs have fewer things that could go wrong with them. In reality, this is often the case, but only with more recent CVTs. Earlier iterations of CVT transmissions were plagued with countless reliability issues and other quirks. But over the years, and especially in the last 5 or so years, theyâve gotten far better and in some cases, are more reliable than traditional automatics. Still, and to ensure utmost dependability, you have to be diligent with servicing your CVT, such as practicing regular transmission fluid changes.
What Cars Have A CVT Transmission
Subaru is a widespread adopter of CVT transmissions and its Lineartronic CVTs have been featured on numerous popular models. This includes the Forester, Crosstrek, Outback, Legacy, Impreza, and Ascent. Even high-performance Subaru models like the WRX are also powered by a CVT transmission. Subaruâs CVTs are often programmed with either 7 or 8 gear ratios and would also allow the driver to shift manually using a set of paddle shifters. Besides that, Subaruâs CVT also features unique mechanisms built-in, like its adaptive control or incline assist modes to further aid the driver.
How Long Do Transmissions Last
CVT transmissions have fewer moving parts, which theoretically should make them more long-lasting than a conventional automatic. In reality, however, some CVTs are only good for at least or around 100,000 miles before they need a serious rebuild and re-conditioning. Thatâs as little as 5 to 10 years, depending on how often you drive it. This does vary wildly depending on how well you take good care of that CVT, though. What matters is that you practice diligent maintenance, such as changing the transmission fluid every 25,000 or so miles. With good care, itâs not unusual to find CVTs lasting 200,000 or even 300,000 miles or more.
What Are Common Problems With Subarus
Subaruâs CVT transmissions arenât as unreliable as those made by Nissan, but theyâre a small step below CVTs built by Honda and Toyota. The latter twoâs CVTs are regarded as the most dependable units on the market, though Subaruâs arenât too far behind. Nevertheless, Subaruâs CVTs do have some issues that you need to look out for. Most commonly, some Subaru CVTs have shown tell-tale signs of early failure, such as stalling or sluggish acceleration. Shudders, vibrations, odd noises, or transmission fluid leaks should also be looked into. Itâs a good thing then that Subaru offered a warranty extension on these CVTs.
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